Hyperlipidemia
Hyperlipidemia is diagnosed through a simple blood test and refers to elevated levels of fats, including cholesterol and triglycerides, in the blood. If left untreated, hyperlipidemia can lead to serious heart complications. The accumulation of fats in the arteries causes them to narrow, restricting blood flow. This can result in high blood pressure and the formation of blood clots. If a clot travels to the brain, it can cause a stroke; if it reaches the heart, it may trigger a heart attack.
Symptoms
In its early stages, hyperlipidemia typically presents no symptoms. Therefore, it's crucial for individuals at higher risk to undergo regular screenings, particularly for cholesterol levels. The AHA recommends that adults aged 20 and older check their cholesterol levels every 4 to 6 years, with more frequent tests for those with higher risk factors.
Risk Factors
The following factors increase the likelihood of developing hyperlipidemia:
Waist circumference of 40 inches or more for men, and 35 inches or more for women.
Overweight or obesity
A diet high in saturated fats
Smoking
Diabetes
Sedentary lifestyle
Family history of hyperlipidemia
Post-menopausal women
Treatment
Lifestyle changes play a critical role in managing hyperlipidemia. For those with elevated triglyceride levels, limiting or avoiding alcohol is essential. In some cases, medication may be prescribed.
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